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Journal Article 6

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Chemical softening 1

Coal chemical industry 1

Forward osmosis 1

HSLC steel 1

Infiltration 1

Reverse osmosis concentrate 1

basal plate for cold rolling 1

comprehensive 1

computational method 1

concrete 1

crack extension GR resistance 1

finite element method 1

flexural crack 1

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fracture process zone 1

intensive soil-water 1

smoothed finite element method 1

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softening 1

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Correlation between tension softening relation and crack extension resistance in concrete

Xiufang ZHANG , Shilang XU ,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 323-329 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0041-2

Abstract: The crack extension resistance is then a function of the softening curve, which is a basic mechanicalThe relationship between the softening curve and the crack extension resistance curve is then analyzedthe crack extension resistance curve is closely related to the characteristic point on used tension softening

Keywords： concrete     fracture process zone     crack extension GR resistance     tension softening curve    

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Soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil slopes

ZHAN Liangtong

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 198-204 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0023-1

Abstract: field inspection of rainwater infiltration and comprehensive experiments, including wetting-induced softeningInfiltration of rainwater not only results in wetting-induced softening of the shallow unsaturated soil

Keywords： strength     intensive soil-water     comprehensive     Infiltration     wetting-induced softening    

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Forward osmosis coupled with lime-soda ash softening for volume minimization of reverse osmosis

Jiandong Lu, Shijie You, Xiuheng Wang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1301-6

Abstract: Abstract • Forward osmosis (FO) coupled with chemical softening for CCI ROC minimization • Effectiveremoval of scale precursor ions by lime-soda ash softening • Enhanced water recovery from 54% to 86%by mitigation of FO membrane scaling • High-purity CaCO3 was recovered from the softening sludge • MembraneTo address this issue, in this study, we focused on coupling forward osmosis (FO) with chemical softeningIn addition, CaCO3 (92.2% purity) was recovered from the softening sludge with an average yield of 5.6

Keywords： Coal chemical industry     Forward osmosis     Chemical softening     Reverse osmosis concentrate    

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Strengthening and Softening of Ferrite+Pearlite Steels Produced by Thin Slab Casting and Rolling

Fu Jie,Wu Huajie,Liu Yangchun

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 65-72

Abstract: justify;">Based on the principle of the integrated strengthening of steel, the strengthening and the softening

Keywords： HSLC steel     strengthening     softening     basal plate for cold rolling     super steel    

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Analysis of stiffness and flexural strength of a reinforced concrete beam using an invented reinforcement system

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Martin HUSEK, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Kaywan Othman AHMED, Diyako DILSHAD, Ibrahim KHIDR

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 378-389 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0706-z

Abstract: In this study, we conducted experimental tests on two specimens of reinforced concrete beams using a three-point bending test to optimize the flexure and stiffness designs. The first specimen is a reinforced concrete beam with an ordinary reinforcement, and the second specimen has an invented reinforcement system that consists of an ordinary reinforcement in addition to three additional bracings using steel bars and steel plates. The results of the flexure test were collected and analyzed, and the flexural strength, the rate of damage during bending, and the stiffness were determined. Finite element modeling was applied for both specimens using the LS-DYNA program, and the simulation results of the flexure test for the same outputs were determined. The results of the experimental tests showed that the flexural strength of the invented reinforcement system was significantly enhanced by 15.5% compared to the ordinary system. Moreover, the flexural cracks decreased to a significant extent, manifesting extremely small and narrow cracks in the flexure spread along the bottom face of the concrete. In addition, the maximum deflection for the invented reinforced concrete beam decreased to 1/3 compared to that of an ordinary reinforced concrete beam. The results were verified through numerical simulations, which demonstrated excellent similarities between the flexural failure and the stiffness of the beam. The invented reinforcement system exhibited a high capability in boosting the flexure design and stiffness.

Keywords： three-point flexure test     softening stage     flexural crack     flexural strain    

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The smoothed finite element method (S-FEM): A framework for the design of numerical models for desired solutions

Gui-Rong Liu

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 456-477 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0519-5

Abstract: properties and unique features of S-FEM models are discussed in detail, including 1) theoretically proven softening

Keywords： finite element method     strain smoothing technique     smoothing domain     weakened weak form     solid mechanics     softening    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Correlation between tension softening relation and crack extension resistance in concrete

Xiufang ZHANG , Shilang XU ,

Journal Article

Soil-water interaction in unsaturated expansive soil slopes

ZHAN Liangtong

Journal Article

Forward osmosis coupled with lime-soda ash softening for volume minimization of reverse osmosis

Jiandong Lu, Shijie You, Xiuheng Wang

Journal Article

Strengthening and Softening of Ferrite+Pearlite Steels Produced by Thin Slab Casting and Rolling

Fu Jie,Wu Huajie,Liu Yangchun

Journal Article

Analysis of stiffness and flexural strength of a reinforced concrete beam using an invented reinforcement system

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Martin HUSEK, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Kaywan Othman AHMED, Diyako DILSHAD, Ibrahim KHIDR

Journal Article

The smoothed finite element method (S-FEM): A framework for the design of numerical models for desired solutions

Gui-Rong Liu

Journal Article